NEWS in package ‘igraph’

---

Changes in version 1.3.1

Fixed:

• graph_from_adjacency_matrix() now works with sparse matrices even if the cell values in the sparse matrix are unspecified.
• Fixed crash in cluster_walktrap() when modularity=FALSE and membership=FALSE
• edge_attr() does not ignore its index=... argument any more.
• automorphisms(), automorphism_group() and canonical_permutation() now allow all possible values supported by the C core in the sh argument. Earlier versions supported only "fm".
• The vertex.frame.width plotting parameter now allows zero and negative values; these will simply remove the outline of the corresponding vertex.
• The documentation of the sh argument of the BLISS isomorphism algorithm in isomorphic() was fixed; earlier versions incorrectly referred to sh1 and sh2.
• dominator_tree() now conforms to its documentation with respect to the dom component of the result: it contains the indices of the dominator vertices for each vertex and -1 for the root of the dominator tree.
• Mentions of the "power" algorithm of page_rank() have been removed from the documentation, as this method is no longer available.
• Several other documentation fixes to bring the docs up to date with new behaviours in igraph 1.3.

Changes in version 1.3.0

The C core is updated to 0.9.7, fixing a range of bugs and introducing a number of new functions.

Added:

• has_eulerian_path() and has_eulerian_cycle() decides whether there is an Eulerian path or cycle in the graph.
• eulerian_path() and eulerian_cycle() returns the edges and vertices in an Eulerian path or cycle in the graph.
• any_loop() checks whether a graph contains at least one loop edge.
• is_tree() checks whether a graph is a tree and also finds a possible root
• to_prufer() converts a tree graph into its Prufer sequence
• make_from_prufer() creates a tree graph from its Prufer sequence
• sample_tree() to sample labelled trees uniformly at random
• sample_spanning_tree() to sample spanning trees of an undirected graph uniformly at random
• automorphisms() and canonical_permutation() now supports vertex colors
• random_edge_walk() to record the edges traversed during a random walk
• harmonic_centrality() calculates the harmonic centrality of vertices, optionally with a cutoff on path lengths
• mean_distance() now supports edge weights and it can also return the number of unconnected vertex pairs when details=TRUE is passed as an argument
• greedy_vertex_coloring() finds vertex colorings based on a simple greedy algorithm.
• bridges() finds the bridges (cut-edges) of a graph
• The frame width of circle, rectangle and square vertex shapes can now be adjusted on plots with the frame.width vertex attribute or the vertex.frame.width keyword argument, thanks to @simoncarrignon . See PR #500 for more details.
• automorphism_group() returns a possible (not necessarily minimal) generating set of the automorphism group of a graph.
• global_efficiency() calculates the global efficiency of the graph.
• local_efficiency() calculates the local efficiency of each vertex in a graph.
• average_local_efficiency() calculates the average local efficiency across the set of vertices in a graph.
• rewire(each_edge(...)) now supports rewiring only one endpoint of each edge.
• realize_degseq() generates graphs from degree sequences in a deterministic manner. It is also available as make_(degseq(..., deterministic=TRUE)).
• clique_size_counts() counts cliques of different sizes without storing them all.
• feedback_arc_set() finds a minimum-weight feedback arc set in a graph, either with an exact integer programming algorithm or with a linear-time approximation.
• make_bipartite_graph() now handles vertices with names.
• shortest_paths() now supports graphs with negative edge weights.
• min_cut() now supports s-t mincuts even if value.only=FALSE.
• as.matrix() now supports converting an igraph graph to an adjacency or edge list matrix representation. See as.matrix.igraph() for more details. This function was migrated from intergraph; thanks to Michal Bojanowski.

Fixed:

• is_connected() now returns FALSE for the null graph
• Calling length() on a graph now returns the number of vertices to make it consistent with indexing the graph with [[.
• diameter() now corrently returns infinity for disconnected graphs when unconnected=FALSE. Previous versions returned the number of vertices plus one, which was clearly invalid for weighted graphs.
• mean_distance() now correctly treats the path length between disconnected vertices as infinite when unconnected=FALSE. Previous versions used the number of vertices plus one, adding a bias towards this number, even if the graph was weighted and the number of vertices plus one was not a path length that could safely have been considered as being longer than any "valid" path.
• layout_with_sugiyama() now handles the case of exactly one extra virtual node correctly; fixes #85
• bfs() and dfs() callback functions now correctly receive 1-based vertex indices and ranks; it used to be zero-based in earlier versions
• Accidentally returning a non-logical value from a bfs() or dfs() callback does not crash R any more
• Calling print() on a graph with a small max.lines value (smaller than the number of lines needed to print the attribute list and the header) does not raise an error any more; fixes #179
• as_adjacency_matrix(edges=TRUE, sparse=TRUE) now consistently returns the last edge ID for each cell in the matrix instead of summing them.
• Using the + and - operators with a path() object consisting of two vertices is now handled correctly; fixes #355
• topo_sort() now throws an error if the input graph is not acyclic instead of returning an incorrect partial ordering.
• Weighted transitivity calculations (i.e. transitivity(mode="barrat") now throw an error for multigraphs; the implementation does not work correctly for multigraphs and earlier versions did not warn about this.

Changed:

• The neimode argument of bfs() and dfs() was renamed to mode for sake of consistency with other functions. The old argument name is deprecated and will be removed in 1.4.0.
• bfs() and dfs() callback functions now correctly receive 1-based vertex indices and ranks; it used to be zero-based in earlier versions. (This is actually a bugfix so it's also mentioned in the "Fixed" section).
• closeness(), betweenness() and edge_betweenness() now all take a cutoff argument on their own. estimate_closeness(), estimate_betweenness() and estimate_edge_betweenness() became aliases, with identical signature. They are not deprecated but their implementation might change in future versions to provide proper estimation schemes instead of a simple cutoff-based approximation. If you explicitly need cutoffs and you want your results to be reproducible with future versions, use closeness(), betweenness() and edge_betweenness() in your code with a cutoff argument.
• closeness() now only considers reachable vertices during the calculation; in other words, closeness centrality is now calculated on a per-component basis for disconnected graphs. Earlier versions considered all vertices.

Deprecated:

• Using cutoff=0 for closeness(), betweenness() and edge_betweenness() is deprecated; if you want exact scores, use a negative cutoff. cutoff=0 will be interpreted literally from igraph 1.4.0.
• centr_degree_tmax() now prints a warning when it is invoked without an explicit loops argument. loops will be mandatory from igraph 1.4.0.
• The nexus_list(), nexus_info(), nexus_get() and nexus_search() functions now return an error informing the user that the Nexus graph repository has been taken offline (actually, several years ago). These functions will be removed in 1.4.0.
• The edges argument of as_adjacency_matrix() is deprecated; it will be removed in igraph 1.4.0.

Removed:

• The deprecated page_rank_old() function and the deprecated power method of page_rank() were removed.

Changes in version 1.2.11

Dec 27, 2021

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.10

Dec 14, 2021

Fixed:

• The macOS versions of igraph were accidentally built without GraphML support on CRAN; this should now be fixed.

Changes in version 1.2.9

Nov 22, 2021

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.8

Oct 26, 2021

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.7

Oct 15, 2021

The C core is updated to 0.8.5, fixing a range of bugs and introducing a number of new functions.

Added:

• cluster_leiden added (#399).
• cluster_fluid_communities added (#454)

Fixed:

• make_lattice() correctly rounds length to the nearest integer while printing a warning (#115).
• make_empty_graph(NULL) now prints an error instead of producing an invalid graph (#404).
• make_graph(c()) now produces an empty graph instead of printing a misleading error message (#431).
• Printing a graph where some edges have NA as the names of both endpoints does not produce a misleading error message any more (#410).
• The types argument of functions related to bipartite graphs now prints a warning when the types are coerced to booleans (#476).
• Betweenness normalisation no longer overflows (#442).
• layout_with_sugiyama() returns a layout of type matrix even if there is only one vertex in the graph (#408).
• Plotting a null graph (i.e. a graph with no vertices) does not throw an error any more (#387).

Deprecated:

• The membership argument of modularity.matrix() is now deprecated as the function never needed it anyway.
• modularity() now prints a warning when it is applied on a directed graph because the implementation in igraph's C core does not support directed graphs as of version 0.8.5. The warning will be turned into an error in the next minor (1.3.0) version of the R interface; the error will be removed later when the C core is updated to a version that supports modularity for directed networks.
• transitivity() now prints a warning when its local variant (type="local") is called on a directed graph or a graph with multiple edges beecause the implementation in the C core of igraph does not work reliably in these cases as of version 0.8.5. The warning will be turned into an error in the next minor (1.3.0) version of the R interface; the error will be removed later when the C core is updated to a version that supports transitivity for networks with multiple edges.

Misc:

• Documentation improvements.

Changes in version 1.2.6

Oct 5, 2020

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.5

Mar 27, 2020

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.4

Feb 13, 2019

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.3

Jan 27, 2019

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.2

Jul 27, 2018

No user visible changes.

Changes in version 1.2.1

• The GLPK library is optional, if it is not available, then the cluster_optimal() function does not work. Unfortunately we cannot bundle the GLPK library into igraph on CRAN any more, because CRAN maintainers forbid the pragmas in its source code.
• Removed the NMF package dependency, and related functions.
• Fix compilation without libxml2

Changes in version 1.1.2

Jul 20, 2017

• Fix compilation on Solaris

Changes in version 1.1.1

Jul 13, 2017

• Graph id is printed in the header, and a graph_id function was added
• Fix edge_attr for some index values
• Fix a bfs() bug, restricted argument was zero-based
• match_vertices is exported now
• %>% is re-exported in a better way, to avoid interference with other packages
• ego_ functions default to order = 1 now
• New function igraph_with_opt to run code with temporary igraph options settings
• Fix broken sample_asym_pref function
• Fix curve_multiple to avoid warnings for graphs with self-loops.
• The NMF package is only suggested now, it is not a hard dependency
• Fix gen_uid.c _SVID_SOURCE issues
• Avoid drawing straight lines as Bezier curves
• Use the pkgconfig package for options. This allows setting options on a per-package basis. E.g. a package using igraph can set return.vs.es to FALSE in its .onLoad() function, and then igraph will return plain numeric vectors instead of vertex/edge sequences if called from this package.
• igraph_options() returns the old values of the updated options, this is actually useful, returning the new values was not.
• with_igraph_opt() function to temporarily change values of igraph options.
• get.edge() is deprecated, use ends() instead. (This was already the case for igraph 1.0.0, but we forgot to add a NEWS point for it.)
• Do not redefine .Call(), to make native calls faster.
• Speed up special cases of indexing vertex sequences.
• Removed an anyNA() call, to be compatible with older R versions.
• Fixed a fast-greedy community finding bug, https://github.com/igraph/igraph/issues/836
• Fixed head_of() and tail_of(), they were mixed up.
• Plot: make label.dist independent of label lengths, fixes #63.
• Plot: no error for unknown graphical parameters.
• Import functions from base packages, to eliminate R CMD check NOTEs.
• Re-add support for edge weights in Fruchterman-Reingold layout
• Check membership vector in modularity().
• Rename str.igraph() to print_all().
• Use the igraph version in exported graphs, instead of @VERSION@ #75.
• Functions that can be used inside a V() or E() indexing now begin with a dot. Old names are deprecated. New names: .nei(), .innei(), .outnei(), .inc(), .from(), .to(). #22
• Fix packages that convert graphs to graph::graphNEL: they don't need to attach 'graph' manually any more.
• Fix a bugs in layout_with_dh, layout_with_gem and layout_with_sugiyama. They crashed in some cases.

Changes in version 1.0.1

June 26, 2015

Some minor updates:

• Documentation fixes.
• Do not require a C++-11 compiler any more.
• Fedora, Solaris and Windows compilation fixes.

Changes in version 1.0.0

June 21, 2015

Release notes

This is a new major version of igraph, and then why not call it 1.0.0. This does not mean that it is ready, it'll never be ready.

The biggest changes in the release are

• the new function names. Most functions were renamed to make them more consistent and readable. (Relax, old names can still be used, no need to update any code.)
• Better operations for vertex and edge sequences. Most functions return proper vertex/edge sequences instead of numeric ids.
• The versatile make_() and make_graph() functions to create graphs.

Major changes

• Many functions were renamed. Old names are not documented, but can still be used.
• A generic make_graph() function to create graphs.
• A generic layout_() (not the underscore!) function to create graph layouts, see also add_layout_().
• The igraph data type has changed. You need to call upgrade_graph() on graphs created with previous igraph versions.
• Vertex and edge sequence operations: union, intersection, etc.
• Vertex and edge sequences can only be used with the graphs they belong to. This is now strictly checked.
• Most functions that return a (sub)set of vertices or edges return vertex or edge sequences instead.
• Vertex and edge sequences have a [[ operator now, for easy viewing of vertex/edge metadata.
• Vertex and edge sequences are implemented as weak references. See also the as_ids() function to convert them to simple ids.
• Vertex order can be specified for the circle layout now.
• Davidson-Harel layout algorithm layout_with_dh().
• GEM layout algorithm layout_with_gem().
• Neighborhood functions have a mindist parameter for the smallest distance to consider.
• all_simple_paths() function to list all simple paths in a graph.
• triangles() lists all triangles in a graph.
• Fruchterman-Reingold and Kamada-Kawai layout algorithms rewritten from scratch. They are much faster and follow the original publications closely.
• Nicer printing of graphs, vertex and edge sequences.
• local_scan() function calculates scan statistics.
• Embeddings: embed_adjacency_matrix() and embed_laplacian_matrix().
• Product operator: *, the same graph multiple times. Can be also used as rep().
• Better default colors, color palettes for vertices.
• Random walk on a graph: random_walk()
• adjacent_vertices() and incident_edges() functions, they are vectorized, as opposed to neighhors() and incident().
• Convert a graph to a long data frame with as_long_data_frame().

Bug fixes

Too many to list. Please try if your issue was fixed and (re-)report it if not. Thanks!

Changes in version 0.7.1

April 21, 2014

Release Notes

Some bug fixes, to make sure that the code included in 'Statistical Analysis of Network Data with R' works. See https://github.com/kolaczyk/sand

Detailed changes:

• Graph drawing: fix labels of curved edges, issue #181.
• Graph drawing: allow fixing edge labels at given positions, issue #181.
• Drop the 'type' vertex attribute after bipartite projection, the projections are not bipartite any more, issue #255.
• Print logical attributes in header properly (i.e. encoded by l, not x, which is for complex attributes. Issue #578.
• Add a constructor for communities objects, see create.communities(). Issue #547.
• Better error handling in the GraphML parser.
• GraphML reader is a bit more lenient now; makes it possible to read GraphML files saved from yWorks apps.
• Fixed a bug in constaint(), issue #580.
• Bipartite projection now detects invalid edges instead of giving a cryptic error, issue #543.
• Fixed the simplify argument of graph.formula(), which was broken, issue #586.
• The function crossing() adds better names to the result, fixes issue #587.
• The sir() function gives an error if the input graph is not simple, fixes issue #582.
• Calling igraph functions from igraph callbacks is not allowed now, fixes issue #571.

Changes in version 0.7.0

February 4, 2014

Release Notes

There are a bunch of new features in the library itself, and other important changes in the life of the project. Thanks everyone for sending code and reporting bugs!

igraph @ github

igraph's development has moved from Launchpad to github. This has actually happened several month ago, but never announced officially. The place for reporting bugs is at https://github.com/igraph/igraph/issues.

New homepage

igraph's homepage is now hosted at http://igraph.org, and it is brand new. We wanted to make it easier to use and modern.

Better nightly downloads

You can download nightly builds from igraph at http://igraph.org/nightly. Source and binary R packages (for windows and OSX), are all built.

New features and bug fixes

• Added a demo for hierarchical random graphs, invoke it via demo(hrg).
• Make attribute prefixes optional when writing a GraphML file.
• Added function mod.matrix().
• Support edge weights in leading eigenvector community detection.
• Added the LAD library for checking (sub)graph isomorphism, version 1.
• Logical attributes.
• Added layout.bipartite() function, a simple two-column layout for bipartite graphs.
• Support incidence matrices in bipartite Pajek files.
• Pajek files in matrix format are now directed by default, unless they are bipartite.
• Support weighted (and signed) networks in Pajek when file is in matrix format.
• Fixed a bug in barabasi.game(), algorithm psumtree-multiple just froze.
• Function layout.mds() by default returns a layout matrix now.
• Added support for Boolean attributes in the GraphML and GML readers and writer.
• Change MDS layout coordinates, first dim is according to first eigenvalue, etc.
• plot.communities() (plot.igraph(), really) draws a border around the marked groups by default.
• printing graphs now converts the name graph attribute to character
• Convenience functions to query and set all attributes at once: vertex.attriubutes(), graph.attributes() and edge.attributes().
• Function graph.disjoint.union() handles attributes now.
• Rewrite graph.union() to handle attributes properly.
• rewire(): now supports the generation and destruction of loops.
• Erdos-Renyi type bipartite random graphs: bipartite.random.game().
• Support the new options (predecessors and inbound_edges) of get_shortest_paths(), reorganized the output of get.shortest.paths() completely.
• Added graphlets() and related functions.
• Fix modularity values of multilevel community if there are no merges at all.
• Fixed bug when deleting edges with FALSE in the matrix notation.
• Fix bonpow() and alpha.centrality() and make sure that the sparse solver is called.
• tkplot() news: enable setting coordinates from the command line via tkplot.setcoords() and access to the canvas via tkplot.canvas().
• Fixed a potential crash in igraph_edge_connectivity(), because of an un-initialized variable in the C code.
• Avoiding overflow in closeness() and related functions.
• Check for NAs after converting 'type' to logical in bipartite.projection().
• graphNEL conversion functions only load the 'graph' package if it was not loaded before and they load it at the end of the search path, to minimize conflicts.
• Fixed a bug when creating graphs from adjacency matrices, we now convert them to double, in case they are integers.
• Fixed an invalid memory read (and a potential crash) in the infomap community detection.
• Fixed a memory leak in the functions with attribute combinations.
• Removed some memory leaks from the SCG functions.
• Fixed some memory leaks in the ray tracer.
• Fixed memory leak in graph.bfs() and graph.dfs().
• Fix a bug in triad census that set the first element of the result to NaN.
• Fixed a crash in is.chordal().
• Fixed a bug in weighted modularity calculation, sum of the weights was truncated to an integer.
• Fixed a bug in weighted multilevel communtiies, the maximum weight was rounded to an integer.
• Fixed a bug in centralization.closeness.tmax().
• Reimplement push-relabel maximum flow with gap heuristics.
• Maximum flow functions now return some statistics about the push relabel algorithm steps.
• Function arpack() now gives error message if unknown options are given.
• Fixed missing whitespace in Pajek writer when the ID attribute was numeric.
• Fixed a bug that caused the GML reader to crash when the ID attribute was non-numeric.
• Fixed issue #500, potential segfault if the two graphs in BLISS differ in the number of vertices or edges.
• Added igraphtest() function.
• Fix dyad census instability, sometimes incorrect results were reported.
• Dyad census detects integer overflow now and gives a warning.
• Function add.edges() does not allow now zeros in the vertex set.
• Added a function to count the number of adjacent triangles: adjacent.triangles().
• Added graph.eigen() function, eigenproblems on adjacency matrices.
• Added some workarounds for functions that create a lot of graphs, decompose.graph() and graph.neighborhood() use it. Fixes issue #508.
• Added weights support for optimal.community(), closes #511.
• Faster maximal clique finding.
• Added a function to count maximum cliques.
• Set operations: union, intersection, disjoint, union, difference, compose now work based on vertex names (if they are present) and keep attributes, closes #20.
• Removed functions graph.intersection.by.name(), graph.union.by.name(), graph.difference.by.name().
• The + operator on graphs now calls graph.union() if both argument graphs are named, and calls graph.disjoint.union() otherwise.
• Added function igraph.version().
• Generate graphs from a stochastic block model: sbm.game().
• Do not suggest the stats, XML, jpeg and png packages any more.
• Fixed a set.vertex/edge.attribute bug that changed both graph objects, after copying (#533)
• Fixed a bug in barabasi.game that caused crashes.
• We use PRPACK to calculate PageRank scores see https://github.com/dgleich/prpack
• Added'which argument to bipartite.projection (#307).
• Add normalized argument to closeness functions, fixes issue #3.
• R: better handling of complex attributes, [[ on vertex/edge sets, fixes #231.
• Implement the start argument in hrg.fit (#225).
• Set root vertex in Reingold-Tilford layout, solves #473.
• Fix betweenness normalization for directed graphs.
• Fixed a bug in graph.density that resulted in incorrect values for undirected graphs with loops
• Fixed a bug when many graphs were created in one C call (e.g. by graph.decompose), causing #550.
• Fixed sparse graph.adjacency bugs for graphs with one edge, and graphs with zero edges.
• Fixed a bug that made Bellman-Ford shortest paths calculations fail.
• Fixed a graph.adjacency bug for undirected, weighted graphs and sparse matrices.
• main, sub, xlab and ylab are proper graphics parameters now (#555).
• graph.data.frame coerces arguments to data frame (#557).
• Fixed a minimum cut bug for weighted undirected graphs (#564).
• Functions for simulating epidemics (SIR model) on networks, see the sir function.
• Fixed argument ordering in graph.mincut and related functions.
• Avoid copying attributes in query functions and print (#573), these functions are much faster now for graphs with many vertices/edges and attributes.
• Speed up writing GML and GraphML files, if some attributes are integer. It was really-really slow.
• Fix multiple root vertices in graph.bfs (#575).

Changes in version 0.6.6

Released Oct 28, 2013

Some bugs fixed:

• Fixed a potential crash in the infomap.community() function.
• Various fixed for the operators that work on vertex names (#136).
• Fixed an example in the arpack() manual page.
• arpack() now gives error message if unknown options are supplied (#492).
• Better arpack() error messages.
• Fixed missing whitespace in Pajek writer when ID attribute was numeric.
• Fixed dyad census instability, sometimes incorrect results were reported (#496).
• Fixed a bug that caused the GML reader to crash when the ID attribute was non-numeric
• Fixed a potential segfault if the two graphs in BLISS differ in the number of vertices or edges (#500).
• Added the igraphtest() function to run tests from R (#485).
• Dyad census detects integer overflow now and gives a warning (#497).
• R: add.edges() does not allow now zeros in the vertex set (#503).
• Add C++ namespace to the files that didn't have one. Fixes some incompatibility with other packages (e.g. rgl) and mysterious crashes (#523).
• Fixed a bug that caused a side effect in set.vertex.attributes(), set.edge.attributes() and set.graph.attributes() (#533).
• Fixed a bug in degree.distribution() and cluster.distribution() (#257).

Changes in version 0.6.5-2

Released May 16, 2013

Worked two CRAN check problems, and a gfortran bug (string bound checking does not work if code is called from C and without string length arguments at the "right" place).

Otherwise identical to 0.6.5-1.

Changes in version 0.6.5-1

Released February 27, 2013

Fixing an annoying bug, that broke two other packages on CRAN:

• Setting graph attributes failed sometimes, if the attributes were lists or other complex objects.

Changes in version 0.6.5

Released February 24, 2013

This is a minor release, to fix some very annoying bugs in 0.6.4:

• igraph should now work well with older R versions.
• Eliminate gap between vertex and edge when plotting an edge without an arrow. Fixes #1118448.
• Fixed an out-of-bounds array indexing error in the DrL layout, that potentially caused crashes.
• Fixed a crash in weighted betweenness calculation.
• Plotting: fixed a bug that caused misplaced arrows at rectangle vertex shapes.

Changes in version 0.6.4

Released February 2, 2013

The version number is not a mistake, we jump to 0.6.4 from 0.6, for technical reasons. This version was actually never really released, but some R packages of this version were uploaded to CRAN, so we include this version in this NEW file.

Changes in version 0.6

Released June 11, 2012

See also the release notes at http://igraph.sf.net/relnotes-0.6.html

Changes in version 0.5.3

Released November 22, 2009

Bugs corrected in the R interface

• Some small changes to make 'R CMD check' clean
• Fixed a bug in graph.incidence, the 'directed' and 'mode' arguments were not handled correctly
• Betweenness and edge betweenness functions work for graphs with many shortest paths now (up to the limit of long long int)
• When compiling the package, the configure script fails if there is no C compiler available
• igraph.from.graphNEL creates the right number of loop edges now
• Fixed a bug in bipartite.projection() that caused occasional crashes on some systems

Changes in version 0.5.2

Released April 10, 2009

See also the release notes at http://igraph.sf.net/relnotes-0.5.2.html

New in the R interface

• Added progress bar support to beweenness() and betweenness.estimate(), layout.drl()
• Speeded up betweenness estimation
• Speeded up are.connected()
• Johnson's shortest paths algorithm added
• shortest.paths() has now an 'algorithm' argument to choose from the various implementations manually
• Always quote symbolic vertex names when printing graphs or edges
• Average nearest neighbor degree calculation, graph.knn()
• Weighted degree (also called strength) calculation, graph.strength()
• Some new functions to support bipartite graphs: graph.bipartite(), is.bipartite(), get.incidence(), graph.incidence(), bipartite.projection(), bipartite.projection.size()
• Support for plotting curved edges with plot.igraph() and tkplot()
• Added support for weighted graphs in alpha.centrality()
• Added the label propagation community detection algorithm by Raghavan et al., label.propagation.community()
• cohesive.blocks() now has a 'cutsetHeuristic' argument to choose between two cutset algorithms
• Added a function to "unfold" a tree, unfold.tree()
• New tkplot() arguments to change the drawing area
• Added a minimal GUI, invoke it with tkigraph()
• The DrL layout generator, layout.drl() has a three dimensional mode now.

Bugs corrected in the R interface

• Fixed a bug in VF2 graph isomorphism functions
• Fixed a bug when a sparse adjacency matrix was requested in get.adjacency() and the graph was named
• VL graph generator in degree.sequence.game() checks now that the sum of the degrees is even
• Many fixes for supporting various compilers, e.g. GCC 4.4 and Sun's C compiler
• Fixed memory leaks in graph.automorphisms(), Bellman-Ford shortest.paths(), independent.vertex.sets()
• Fix a bug when a graph was imported from LGL and exported to NCOL format (#289596)
• cohesive.blocks() creates its temporary file in the session temporary directory
• write.graph() and read.graph() now give error messages when unknown arguments are given
• The GraphML reader checks the name of the attributes to avoid adding a duplicate 'id' attribute
• It is possible to change the 'ncv' ARPACK parameter for leading.eigenvector.community()
• Fixed a bug in path.length.hist(), 'unconnected' was wrong for unconnected and undirected graphs
• Better handling of attribute assingment via iterators, this is now also clarified in the manual
• Better error messages for unknown vertex shapes
• Make R package unload cleanly if unloadNamespace() is used
• Fixed a bug in plotting square shaped vertices (#325244)
• Fixed a bug in graph.adjacency() when the matrix is a sparse matrix of class "dgTMatrix"

Changes in version 0.5.1

Released July 14, 2008

See also the release notes at http://igraph.sf.net/relnotes-0.5.1.html

New in the R interface

• A new layout generator called DrL.
• Uniform sampling of random connected undirected graphs with a given degree sequence.
• Edge labels are plotted at 1/3 of the edge, this is better if the graph has mutual edges.
• Initial and experimental vertex shape support in 'plot'.
• New function, 'graph.adjlist' creates igraph graphs from adjacency lists.
• Conversion to/from graphNEL graphs, from the 'graph' R package.
• Fastgreedy community detection can utilize edge weights now, this was missing from the R interface.
• The 'arrow.width' graphical parameter was added.
• graph.data.frame has a new argument 'vertices'.
• graph.adjacency and get.adjacency support sparse matrices, the 'Matrix' package is required to use this functionality.
• graph.adjacency adds column/row names as 'name' attribute.
• Weighted shortest paths using Dijkstra's or the Belmann-Ford algorithm.
• Shortest path functions return 'Inf' for unreachable vertices.
• New function 'is.mutual' to find mutual edges in a directed graph.
• Added inverse log-weighted similarity measure (a.k.a. Adamic/Adar similarity).
• preference.game and asymmetric.preference.game were rewritten, they are O(|V|+|E|) now, instead of O(|V|^2).
• Edge weight support in function 'get.shortest.paths', it uses Dijkstra's algorithm.

Bugs corrected in the R interface

• A bug was corrected in write.pajek.bgraph.
• Several bugs were corrected in graph.adjacency.
• Pajek reader bug corrected, used to segfault if '*Vertices' was missing.
• Directedness is handled correctly when writing GML files. (But note that 'correct' conflicts the standard here.)
• Corrected a bug when calculating weighted, directed PageRank on an undirected graph. (Which does not make sense anyway.)
• Several bugs were fixed in the Reingold-Tilford layout to avoid edge crossings.
• A bug was fixed in the GraphML reader, when the value of a graph attribute was not specified.
• Fixed a bug in the graph isomorphism routine for small (3-4 vertices) graphs.
• Corrected the random sampling implementation (igraph_random_sample), now it always generates unique numbers. This affects the Gnm Erdos-Renyi generator, it always generates simple graphs now.
• The basic igraph constructor (igraph_empty_attrs, all functions are expected to call this internally) now checks whether the number of vertices is finite.
• The LGL, NCOL and Pajek graph readers handle errors properly now.
• The non-symmetric ARPACK solver returns results in a consistent form now.
• The fast greedy community detection routine now checks that the graph is simple.
• The LGL and NCOL parsers were corrected to work with all kinds of end-of-line encodings.
• Hub & authority score calculations initialize ARPACK parameters now.
• Fixed a bug in the Walktrap community detection routine, when applied to unconnected graphs.
• Several small memory leaks were removed, and a big one from the Spinglass community structure detection function

Changes in version 0.5

Released February 14, 2008

See also the release notes at http://igraph.sf.net/relnotes-0.5.html

New in the R interface

• The 'rescale', 'asp' and 'frame' graphical parameters were added

• Create graphs from a formula notation (graph.formula)

• Handle graph attributes properly

• Calculate the actual minimum cut for undirected graphs

• Adjacency lists, get.adjlist and get.adjedgelist added

• Eigenvector centrality computation is much faster now

• Proper R warnings, instead of writing the warning to the terminal

• R checks graphical parameters now, the unknown ones are not just ignored, but an error message is given

• plot.igraph has an 'add' argument now to compose plots with multiple graphs

• plot.igraph supports the 'main' and 'sub' arguments

• layout.norm is public now, it can normalize a layout

• It is possible to supply startup positions to layout generators

• Always free memory when CTRL+C/ESC is pressed, in all operating systems

• plot.igraph can plot square vertices now, see the 'shape' parameter

• graph.adjacency rewritten when creating weighted graphs

• We use match.arg whenever possible. This means that character scalar options can be abbreviated and they are always case insensitive

• VF2 graph isomorphism routines can check subgraph isomorphism now, and they are able to return matching(s)

• The BLISS graph isomorphism algorithm is included in igraph now. See canonical.permutation, graph.isomorphic.bliss

• We use ARPACK for eigenvalue/eigenvector calculation. This means that the following functions were rewritten: page.rank, leading.eigenvector.community.*, evcent. New functions based on ARPACK: hub.score, authority.score, arpack.

• Edge weights for Fruchterman-Reingold layout (layout.fruchterman.reingold).

• Line graph calculation (line.graph)

• Kautz and de Bruijn graph generators (graph.kautz, graph.de.bruijn)

• Support for writing graphs in DOT format

• Jaccard and Dice similarity coefficients added (similarity.jaccard, similarity.dice)

• Counting the multiplicity of edges (count.multiple)

• The graphopt layout algorithm was added, layout.graphopt

• Generation of "famous" graphs (graph.famous).

• Create graphs from LCF notation (graph.cf).

• Dyad census and triad cencus functions (dyad.census, triad.census)

• Cheking for simple graphs (is.simple)

• Create full citation networks (graph.full.citation)

• Create a histogram of path lengths (path.length.hist)

• Forest fire model added (forest.fire.game)

• DIMACS reader can handle different file types now

• Biconnected components and articulation points (biconnected.components, articulation.points)

• Kleinberg's hub and authority scores (hub.score, authority.score)

• as.undirected handles attributes now

• Geometric random graph generator (grg.game) can return the coordinates of the vertices

• Function added to convert leading eigenvector community structure result to a membership vector (community.le.to.membership)

• Weighted fast greedy community detection

• Weighted page rank calculation

• Functions for estimating closeness, betweenness, edge betweenness by introducing a cutoff for path lengths (closeness.estimate, betweenness.estimate, edge.betweenness.estimate)

• Weighted modularity calculation

• Function for permuting vertices (permute.vertices)

• Betweenness and closeness calculations are speeded up

• read.graph can handle all possible line terminators now (\r, \n, \r\n, \n\r)

• Error handling was rewritten for walktrap community detection, the calculation can be interrupted now

• The maxflow/mincut functions allow to supply NULL pointer for edge capacities, implying unit capacities for all edges

Bugs corrected in the R interface

• Fixed a bug in cohesive.blocks, cohesive blocks were sometimes not calculated correctly

Changes in version 0.4.5

Released January 1, 2008

New:

• Cohesive block finding in the R interface, thanks to Peter McMahan for contributing his code. See James Moody and Douglas R. White, 2003, in Structural Cohesion and Embeddedness: A Hierarchical Conception of Social Groups American Sociological Review 68(1):1-25
• Biconnected components and articulation points.
• R interface: better printing of attributes.
• R interface: graph attributes can be used via '$'.

Bug fixed:

• Erdos-Renyi random graph generators rewritten.

Changes in version 0.4.4

Released October 3, 2007

This release should work seamlessly with the new R 2.6.0 version. Some other bugs were also fixed:

• A bug was fixed in the Erdos-Renyi graph generator, which sometimes added an extra vertex.

Changes in version 0.4.3

Released August 13, 2007

The next one in the sequence of bugfix releases. Thanks to many people sending bug reports. Here are the changes:

• Some memory leaks removed when using attributes from R or Python.
• GraphML parser: entities and character data in multiple chunks are now handled correctly.
• A bug corrected in edge betweenness community structure detection, it failed if called many times from the same program/session.
• Edge betweeness community structure: handle unconnected graphs properly.
• Fixed bug related to fast greedy community detection in unconnected graphs.
• Use a different kind of parser (Push) for reading GraphML files. This is almost invisible for users but fixed a nondeterministic bug when reading in GraphML files.
• R interface: plot now handles properly if called with a vector as the edge.width argument for directed graphs.
• R interface: bug (typo) corrected for walktrap.community and weighted graphs.

Changes in version 0.4.2

Released June 7, 2007

This is another bugfix release, as there was a serious bug in the R package of the previous version: it could not read and write graphs to files in any format under MS Windows.

Some other bits added:

• circular Reingold-Tilford layout generator for trees
• corrected a bug, Pajek files are written properly under MS Windows now.
• arrow.size graphical edge parameter added in the R interface.

Changes in version 0.4.1

Released May 23, 2007

This is a minor release, it corrects a number of bugs, mostly in the R package.

Changes in version 0.4

Released May 21, 2007

The major new additions in this release is a bunch of community detection algorithms and support for the GML file format. Here is the complete list of changes:

New in the R interface

• as the internal representation changed, graphs stored with 'save' with an older igraph version cannot be read back with the new version reliably.

• neighbors returns ordered lists

• is.loop and is.multiple were added

• topological sorting

• VF2 isomorphism algorithm

• support for reading graphs from the Graph Database for isomorphism

• graph.mincut can calculate the actual minimum cut

• girth calculation added, thanks to Keith Briggs

• support for reading and writing GML files

• Walktrap community detection algorithm added, thanks to Matthieu Latapy and Pascal Pons

• edge betweenness based community detection algorithm added

• fast greedy algorithm for community detection by Clauset et al. added thanks to Aaron Clauset for sharing his code

• leading eigenvector community detection algorithm by Mark Newman added

• functions for creating dendrograms from the output of the community detection algorithms added

• community.membership supporting function added, creates a membership vector from a community structure merge tree

• modularity calculation added

• graphics parameter handling is completely rewritten, uniform handling of colors and fonts, make sure you read ?igraph.plotting

• new plotting parameter for edges: arrow.mode

• a bug corrected when playing a nonlinear barabasi.game

• better looking plotting in 3d using rglplot: edges are 3d too

• rglplot layout is allowed to be two dimensional now

• rglplot suspends updates while drawing, this makes it faster

• loop edges are correctly plotted by all three plotting functions

• better printing of attributes when printing graphs

• summary of a graph prints attribute names

• is.igraph rewritten to make it possible to inherit from the 'igraph' class

• somewhat better looking progress meter for functions which support it

Others

• many functions benefit from the new internal representation and are faster now: transitivity, reciprocity, graph operator functions like intersection and union, etc.

Bugs corrected

• corrected a bug when reading Pajek files: directed graphs were read as undirected

Changes in version 0.3.2

Released Dec 19, 2006

This is a new major release, it contains many new things:

Changes in the R interface

• bonpow function ported from SNA to calculate Bonacich power centrality
• get.adjacency supports attributes now, this means that it sets the colnames and rownames attributes and can return attribute values in the matrix instead of 0/1
• grg.game, geometric random graphs
• graph.density, graph density calculation
• edge and vertex attributes can be added easily now when added new edges with add.edges or new vertices with add.vertices
• graph.data.frame creates graph from data frames, this can be used to create graphs with edge attributes easily
• plot.igraph and tkplot can plot self-loop edges now
• graph.edgelist to create a graph from an edge list, can also handle edge lists with symbolic names
• get.edgelist has now a 'names' argument and can return symbolic vertex names instead of vertex ids, by default id uses the 'name' vertex attribute is returned
• printing graphs on screen also prints symbolic symbolic names (the 'name' attribute if present)
• maximum flow and minimum cut functions: graph.maxflow, graph.mincut
• vertex and edge connectivity: edge.connectivity, vertex.connectivity
• edge and vertex disjoint paths: edge.disjoint.paths, vertex.disjoint.paths
• White's cohesion and adhesion measure: graph.adhesion, graph.cohesion
• dimacs file format added
• as.directed handles attributes now
• constraint corrected, it handles weighted graphs as well now
• weighted attribute to graph.adjacency
• spinglass-based community structure detection, the Joerg Reichardt -- Stefan Bornholdt algorithm added: spinglass.community
• graph.extended.chordal.ring, extended chordal ring generation
• no.clusters calculates the number of clusters without calculating the clusters themselves
• minimum spanning tree functions updated to keep attributes
• transitivity can calculate local transitivity as well
• neighborhood related functions added: neighborhood, neighborhood.size, graph.neighborhood
• new graph generators based on vertex types: preference.game and asymmetric.preference.game

Bugs corrected

• attribute handling bug when deleting edges corrected
• GraphML escaping and NaN handling corrected
• bug corrected to make it possible compile the R package without the libxml2 library
• a bug in Erdos-Renyi graph generation corrected: it had problems with generating large directed graphs
• bug in constraint calculation corrected, it works well now
• fixed memory leaks in the GraphML reader
• error handling bug corrected in the GraphML reader
• bug corrected in R version of graph.laplacian when normalized Laplacian is requested
• memory leak corrected in get.all.shortest.paths in the R package

Changes in version 0.2.1

Released Aug 23, 2006

This is a bug-fix release. Bugs fixed:

• reciprocity corrected to avoid segfaults
• some docs updates
• various R package updates to make it conform to the CRAN rules

Changes in version 0.2

Released Aug 18, 2006

Release time at last! There are many new things in igraph 0.2, the most important ones:

• reading writing Pajek and GraphML formats with attributes (not all Pajek and GraphML files are supported, see documentation for details)
• the RANDEDU fast motif search algorithm is implemented
• many new graph generators, both games and regular graphs
• many new structural properties: transitivity, reciprocity, etc.
• graph operators: union, intersection, difference, structural holes, etc.
• conversion between directed and undirected graphs
• new layout algorithms for trees and large graphs, 3D layouts and many more.

New things specifically in the R package:

• support for CTRL+C
• new functions: Graph Laplacian, Burt's constraint, etc.
• vertex/edge sequences totally rewritten, smart indexing (see manual)
• new R manual and tutorial: `Network Analysis with igraph', still under development but useful
• very basic 3D plotting using OpenGL

Although this release was somewhat tested on Linux, MS Windows, Mac OSX, Solaris 8 and FreeBSD, no heavy testing was done, so it might contain bugs, and we kindly ask you to send bug reports to make igraph better.

Changes in version 0.1

Released Jan 30, 2006

After about a year of development this is the first "official" release of the igraph library. This release should be considered as beta software, but it should be useful in general. Please send your questions and comments.